![]() Yellowing of skin sparing the sclerae is indicative of carotenoderma which occurs in healthy individuals who consume excessive carotene-rich foods.Ĭopyright © 2023, StatPearls Publishing LLC. Icterus acts as an essential clinical indicator for liver disease, apart from various other insults. With further increase in serum bilirubin levels, the skin will progressively discolor ranging from lemon yellow to apple green, especially if the process is long-standing the green color is due to biliverdin.īilirubin has two components: unconjugated(indirect) and conjugated(direct), and hence elevation of any of these can result in jaundice. The diagnosis and treatment depend on the underlying cause and the degree of scleral icterus. ![]() It can be a symptom of various conditions, such as gallbladder disease, alcoholic hepatitis, Epstein-Barr virus, or hepatitis A and B. Sclerae have a high affinity for bilirubin due to their high elastin content. Physical exam Yellowing of the sclera, typical of liver disease, especially hepatitis. Scleral icterus is the yellowing of the eyes due to excessive bilirubin in the bloodstream, caused by liver disorders or blood flow problems. The normal serum levels of bilirubin are less than 1mg/dl however, the clinical presentation of jaundice as scleral icterus (peripheral yellowing of the eye sclera), is best appreciated only when the levels reach more than 3 mg/dl. Scleral icterus is the yellowing of the eyes due to excessive bilirubin in the bloodstream, caused by liver disorders or blood flow problems. Scleral and limbic laceration can result from sharp pointed objects, scissors, thorns, iron nails, fish hooks, wood pieces, etc. It is an important cause of unilateral vision loss in developing countries. ![]() Deposition of bilirubin happens only when there is an excess of bilirubin, a sign of increased production or impaired excretion. Trauma is an important cause of cornea blindness and is second only to corneal ulcers causing severe vision loss. Jaundice, also known as hyperbilirubinemia, is a yellow discoloration of the body tissue resulting from the accumulation of an excess of bilirubin.
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